The smart grid program develops and demonstrates smart grid measurement science advances to improve the efficiency, reliability, resilience, and sustainability of the nations electric grid. Ranked smart grid technology motivating drivers based on country surveys. Security technology for smart grid networks ieee xplore. We discuss then the challenges that exist in securing the smart grid network and how the current security solutions. Security implications of the electric smart grid 201409. There are over 300 national institute of standards and technology nist information security documents. Advanced distribution automation ada technologies and applications as.
Smart grid security issues ieee conference publication. This number includes federal information processing standards fips, the special publication sp 800 series, information technology laboratory itl bulletins, and nist interagency reports nist ir. Status and outlook congressional research service summary the electrical grid in the united states comprises all of the power plants generating electricity, together with the transmission and distribution lines and systems that bring power to enduse customers. In much the same way, full implementation of the smart grid will evolve over time.
Smart grid information assurance and security technology assessment project contract. Smart grid security threats classification by sources. This document reports about the works of smart grid cyber security work group in the computer security division of nist. The impact of integrating electric vehicles with smart grids has been detailed along with the potential impact and challenges. A brief overview of smart grid concepts and stateofthe art technologies is followed by sections that highlight smart grid. Utility cyber security forum 2020 smart grid observer. Smart grid 101 presentation february 2010, chapter 10 pdf grid modernization technology webinar june 2017 pdf transition planning. Pdf communication security for smart grid distribution networks. Pdf the smart grid, which is known as the nextgeneration power grid, uses twoway flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed. Such technologies can improve the effectiveness, ef.
Smart grid generally refers to a class of technologies that people are using to bring utility electricity delivery systems into the 21st century, using computerbased remote control and automation. The smart grid is expected to provide benefits to society in the following areas. Cyberphysical security of a smart grid infrastructure network. The profile provides cybersecurity risk management guidance to power system ownersoperators by prioritizing cybersecurity activities. The smart grid explained an understanding for everyone.
Chapter 10 focuses on the electric vehicle technology and its interaction with a smart grid. The profile provides cybersecurity risk management guidance to power system ownersoperators by prioritizing cybersecurity activities based. Clearly unravels the evolving smart grid concept with extensive illustrations and practical examples. Jun 26, 2015 the inclusion of these components on the smart grid requires an information and communication technology ict layer in order to exchange information, control, and monitor the electrical components of the smart grid. The program draws on expertise from across the breadth of the nist organization, including the physical measurement laboratory, the information technology laboratory, and the communications technology laboratory. The smart grid profile applies risk management strategies from the framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity cybersecurity framework to the smart grid and will serve as a foundation for refinements to support new grid architectures. The traditional electrical power grid is currently evolving into the smart grid. The smart grid is an alliance of hardware, management and reporting collection of programs. The traditional electrical power grid is currently evolving into.
Introduction to bdamlai, benefits, challenges and issues 11 2. Security implications of the electric smart grid 20140904. Sep 04, 2014 in addition, regardless of events, power system operations must continue 247, with 99. The smart grid cyber security was then discussed, which covered i smart grid cyber security challenges, ii emerging smart grid cyber security technologies, iii compliance versus security, and iv smart grid cyber security standards. This is then followed by discussing security of power systems and cyberattacks. Smart grid technology working operation and applications. Hamed mohsenianrad communications and control in smart grid texas tech university 8 according to the u. A classification of power system communication psc systems according to their requirements is given in section 5. Pdf smart grid systems modeling and control ebook free. Note for smart grid sg by ayush agrawal lecturenotes. In the envisioned smart grid, massive numbers of computational devices will need to authenticate to each other. Jun 18, 2010 communicate the smart grid benefits to the consumer group. Seamless integration of power system infrastructure with the transportation and existing built environment to create 21st.
The smart grid and cyberphysical systems program office is a division of nist s engineering laboratory. The smart grid, which is known as the nextgeneration power grid, uses twoway flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. The smart grid concept is being fostered due to required evolution of the power network to incorporate distributed energy sources des, renewable energy sources res, and electric vehicles evs. The concept of a smart grid is that of a digital upgrade of distribution and long distance transmission grids to both optimize current operations by reducing the losses, as well as open up new markets for alternative energy production. Threats, vulnerabilities and solutions fadi aloula, a. Security technology for smart grid networks gtaufrj. The flow of electricity from electric companies to consumer becomes conservations and it not only saves the. The smart grid is arguably one of the most vital engineered systems of our modern times. Welcome to the smart grid website at the national institute of standards and technology nist whether you are a consumer, engineer, or policymaker, this website can help you learn about and participate in the smart grid and in the development of the interoperable standards that will make it possible. In this paper, we survey the latest on smart grid security. For the smart protection system, we explore various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the smart grid, and explore the security and privacy issues in the smart grid.
Wifi technology will certainly be part of any future smart grid. In order to solve these challenges, the smart grid sg paradigm has appeared as a promising solution with a variety of information and communication technologies. Strengthening security of grid operations and assets an integrated security approach. This threevolume report, guidelines for smart grid cybersecurity, presents an analytical framework that organizations can use to develop effective cybersecurity strategies tailored to their particular combinations of smart gridrelated characteristics, risks, and vulnerabilities. The future of smart grid technologies uc riverside. Smart grid cyber security potential threats, vulnerabilities and risks. This nist wide program is housed in the engineering laboratory and draws on the expertise of the information technology and physical measurement laboratories. Pdf communication security for smart grid distribution. We highlight the complexity of the smart grid network and discuss the vulnerabilities specific to this huge heterogeneous network. You will get a feel for the issues surrounding it, the challenges ahead, the countless opportunities it presents and the benefits we all stand to gain. Recommended standards, existing frameworks and future needs 14 4.
With that, the smart grid in its fullform is imminent and it is anybodys guess on how secure it ultimately will be. Smart grid security international journal of smart grid and clean. Organizations in the diverse community of smart grid stakeholdersfrom utilities to providers of energy. From national challenges like power system security to those global in nature such as climate change, our nearterm agenda is formidable. The smart grid introduction is intended primarily to. Cyber security measures must be designed and implemented to support grid reliability. Concerns chiefly center around the communications technology at the heart of the smart grid. Wifi networks can be deployed to meet the smart grid requirements for robustness, manageability, performance and security. Ias webinar evolving the next generation of distribution analysis tools presented by. National association of regulatory utility commissioners november 2010 smart grid interoperability panel. However, the prevalence of internet access in most homes has made the smart grid more practically reliable to implement.
In addition, regardless of events, power system operations must continue 247, with 99. Such cyberphysical attacks can have detrimental effects on the operation of the grid as exemplified by the recent attack which caused a blackout of the ukranian power grid. Abstract the smart grid, generallyreferredto as the nextgenerationpowersystem, is. Smart grid topic 2 smart grid we engineer excellence. This is a good development, yet care must be taken to ensure the most effective measures are addressed first. Describes the spectrum of key enabling technologies required for the realisation of the smart grid with worked examples to illustrate the applications.
Threats, vulnerabilities and solutions abstract for article. There is also concern on the security of the infrastructure, primarily that involving communications technology. Pdf smart grids sgs deployments have made power systems operation. Because a smart grid has a large number of access points, like smart meters, defending all of its weak points can prove difficult. By far, the biggest winner will be society as a whole. Smart grid 101 electricity markets and policy group. The inclusion of these components on the smart grid requires an information and communication technology ict layer in order to exchange information, control, and monitor the. This paper presents a security solution for smart grid which heavily leverages public. Cyber security has become a critical priority for electric utilities. Many of the technologies being deployed to support smart grid projectssuch as smart meters, sensors, and advanced communications networkscan make the grid more vulnerable to attack. Its aim was to formulate and promote a vision for the development of europes electricity networks looking towards 2020 and beyond. Abstract smart grid uses the power of information technology to intelligently deliver energy to customers by using a twoway communication, and wisely meet.
Implementing security controls into the modern power infrastructure, authors eric knapp and raj samani provide and excellent overview on what the smart grid is and how it can be secured. What follows are selected quotations reprinted with permission from etp, engineering and technology publishing. It is a part of the iot framework that is used to monitor and track lighting, parking spaces, traffic signals, road warnings, traffic congestion, and early detection of things such as earthquakes and extreme weather. Smart grid integrates the traditional electrical power grid with information and communication technologies ict.
Case studies in saving electricity in different parts of the world provides a wide international view of smart grid technologies and their implementation in all regions of the globe. Smart grid topic 2 smart grid department of electrical. From national challenges like power system security to those global in nature such as. The nextgeneration power grid, known as the smart grid, will be realized with proactive usage of stateoftheart technologies in the areas of sensing, communications, control, computing, and. Jun 08, 2015 smart grid seminar and ppt with pdf report.
Our lights may be on, but systemically, the risks associated with relying on an often overtaxed grid grow in size, scale and complexity every day. Best practices in big data analytics for the smart grid 12 3. The purpose of this book is to give readers in plain language a fix on the current position of the smart grid and its adoption. National institute of standards and technology nist. The flow of electricity from electric companies to consumer becomes conservations and it not only saves the money of consumers but also the energy and decreases the carbon. Smart grid technology is an extended form of analog technology that has also been introduced for controlling the use of appliances by employing twoway communication. Wifi networks can be deployed to meet the smart grid requirements for. However, given the issues raised by the case, planning for the use of smart. Smart grid is one of the critical applications of the iot system. The origins of smartgrids the smartgrids european technology platform for electricity networks of the future began its work in 2005. Epce, the energy providers coalition for education. National energy technology laboratory 20070727 pdf. Note for smart grid sg lecture notes, notes, pdf free download, engineering notes, university notes, best pdf notes, semester, sem, year, for all, study material.
Three main security objectives must be incorporated in the smart grid system. As of this writing, the naperville case has not yet been decided. You will learn what the smart grid is and what it is not. As smart grid continues to develop, realization of a reliable and stable system is necessary. The twoway communication flows brings cyber security issues to the smart grid. Abstract cyber security in smart grid systems is becoming a major concern. The evolving electric sector is increasingly dependent on information technology and telecommunications infrastructures to ensure the reliability and security of the electric grid. Technology nist described the smart grid as the integration of the last century. A smart grid is an umbrella term that covers moder nization of both the transmission and distribution grids. Cyber security for operational technologies and smart systems ensuring grid scada and plc grid control networks cyber security what works, what doesnt, and what to put in place nextgen technology advances for industrial control systems security best practices in reducing human sources of vulnerability and more. It systems and networks, the smart grid will be exposed to a wide range of security threats 5. This article was published in the international journal of renewable energy and smart grid ijresg, vol.
To be successful, security must be formally established within the utility and that can sometimes present a problem in terms of who owns security within the company. Jun 22, 2016 the cyberphysical nature of the smart grid has rendered it vulnerable to a multitude of attacks that can occur at its communication, networking, and physical entry points. An overview enterprise systems web applications control systems protection systems information infrastructure electrical infrastructure ami dsm oms gis smart grid technology cyber secure 7. Having identified various threats and challenges faced by the grid system, the threats must be welldefined and an encompassing approach towards the operational security provisions must be laid and followed. Mattas, in handbook of system safety and security, 2017. Research will focus primarily on machine learning, plug and play technology, selfhealing grid and total automation of the grid. For scalability, this technology will probably rest on publickey infrastructure pki.
Application of smart grid technologies sciencedirect. Abstract the smart grid, generallyreferredto as the nextgenerationpowersystem, is considered asa revolutionaryand evolutionary regime of existing power grids. Smart grid security, information and communications technologies, advanced metering infrastructure. To form a competitive environment to advance efficient use of electric energy and modernization of the electricity grid, as well as to promote creation of multidisciplinary research teams to solve problems and deliver innovative and effective smart grid. Wifi is mature, proven technology that implements many of the smart grid application scenarios today. Ias webinar evolving the next generation of distribution analysis tools presented by davis montenegromartinez click here to register. International journal of smart grid and clean energy smart grid security. Due to this fact, many documentation concerning the security of the smart grids are published and different organizations have provided guidelines and standard addressing smart grid cyber. Smart grid security, information and communications technologies, advanced.
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